Heart disease is a common problem amongst pet cats and dogs, particularly in older animals. It can be caused by a range of factors including genetic predisposition, infections, and lifestyle factors, not least of which can be a diet that regularly consists of high salt, processed human foods provided (most often with the best of intentions) by their owners. Heart disease can have a significant impact on the pet’s quality of life and can even become life-threatening if left untreated. Luckily, there are effective treatments available that can improve outcomes for pets with heart disease, along with several medications that can help manage any associated pain.
The symptoms of heart disease in cats and dogs can vary depending on the type and severity of the disease. Common symptoms may include coughing, difficulty breathing, decreased energy levels, and changes in appetite. If you notice any of these symptoms in your pet, it is important to seek veterinary care promptly. However, some common symptoms that may indicate heart disease in cats and dogs include (but are not limited to):
Symptoms of heart disease in cats:
- Coughing
- Laboured breathing
- Rapid breathing
- Weakness or lethargy
- Loss of appetite or weight loss
- Fainting or collapsing
- Bluish gums or tongue
- Distended abdomen
- Inability to exercise or play for extended periods
- Elevated respiratory rate or heart rate at rest
- Restlessness or hiding behaviour
Symptoms of heart disease in dogs:
- Coughing, especially at night or after exercise
- Laboured breathing, panting, or shortness of breath
- Weakness or lethargy
- Loss of appetite or weight loss
- Fainting or collapsing
- Blue-tinged gums or tongue
- Distended abdomen
- Inability to exercise or play for extended periods
- Elevated respiratory rate or heart rate at rest
- Restlessness or pacing behaviour
If you notice any of these symptoms in your pet, it is very important to consult with your veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and treatment of heart disease can greatly improve the prognosis for your pet.
The treatment for heart disease in pets will depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. In more severe cases, surgery may be required to correct structural abnormalities in the heart.
Two medications that are commonly used to treat heart disease in pets are Fotekor and Vetmedin. These medications work by improving the heart’s function, reducing its workload, and improving blood flow. Fotekor is particularly useful in treating congestive heart failure (CHF) in pets, while Vetmedin is often used to manage symptoms of heart disease in pets with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
Fotekor contains Pimobendan, which is a type of calcium sensitizing agent that helps the heart contract more efficiently. It also has vasodilatory properties, which means that it can help to widen blood vessels and reduce pressure on the heart. Vetmedin contains Pimobendan as well as another active ingredient called benazepril. This medication dilates the blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart and reducing pressure on the heart muscle.
Both Fotekor and Vetmedin can help to improve symptoms of heart disease in pets, such as coughing, fatigue, and shortness of breath. They can also help to improve survival rates in pets with heart disease. However, it is important to note that these medications are prescription drugs and should only be used under the guidance of a veterinarian.
Aside from managing heart disease, pets with the condition may also experience pain, particularly if they develop arthritis as a result. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Metacam, Loxicom, and Galliprant can help manage pain associated with heart disease. These medications work by reducing inflammation and pain in the affected joints, improving mobility and reducing discomfort.
It is important to note that NSAIDs can have side effects, particularly in older animals or those with underlying health conditions. They should only be used under the guidance of a veterinarian and with regular monitoring to ensure your pet's ongoing safety and well-being.
In addition to medication, there are several lifestyle changes that can help manage heart disease in pets. These may include changes to the pet’s diet, weight management, and exercise routines. It is important to work with your veterinarian to develop a plan that is tailored to your pet’s individual needs and medical history.
In conclusion, heart disease is a common problem in pets that can have a significant impact on their quality of life. Fotekor and Vetmedin are effective medications that can improve outcomes for pets with heart disease, while NSAIDs such as Metacam, Loxicom, and Galliprant can help manage any associated pain. However, these medications should only be used under the guidance of a veterinarian, with regular monitoring to ensure the pet’s safety and well-being. Working with your veterinarian to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that includes medication, lifestyle changes, and regular monitoring can help ensure the best possible outcome for your beloved pet.
Dr Nicholas Horniman MRCVS